PAITE LAIGELHDAN DIKTAK (The Paite Cultural Heritage)

-Chinzam Tawmbing
Kum 1903 malamin i pu-pate hun laiin Paiteten i pau, i la, tangthu leh adangdang gelhkhiakna ding laimal(alphabet) leh, a tam atawm simna ding nambar(number) i nei nai kei ua; la leh tangthu khawng etlohin ana theih thawh ua, nambar tangin chiangkang kawihtan peuh ana zang uhi.
Kum 1903 in Sapte Missionary a min, David E. Jones leh T. Vialphung pangkhawmin i laimal ding leh i nambar ding, Roman alphabet leh Roman number akipanin Aizawl ah hawnna bawlsak ua; huai tuh i ‘A AW B....Z (a lian leh a neu)’ leh tu-a i nambar zat ahi.
Hiai a tunga mi nih i gente’n i laisim patna dingin Bubul 1903 in ana bawl uhi. Kum 1941 in ‘Paite Kristian Labu’ i nei pan ua; kum 1945 in (L) H. Nengzachin-in ‘Sintung Bu’ a bawl hi. Kum 1951 velin ‘Thukhun Thak leh Sam’ kigawm i nei nawn uhi. Hiai a tunga laibu i gente Paite lai gelhdan diktaka kigelh ngenta ahi uh (a copy na neih leh na sim mah dih).
2. Tulaiin kipilsak i hi uh hia, kisiamsak, Paite lai gelhdan diktak awmnapi zuiloin, i ut dandanin lai i gelh mawk ua, pawi lua hi. Etsakna: a ginkhauhna ding chih bawlin ‘O’ peuh ‘AW’ tanga zang mawk; a ginnemna ding chihh bawla phuahtawm vowel thuahnih (double vowel) peuh zang thepthup, ‘O’ tanga ‘OU’ peuh zang leuleu zel! Hichibanga lai kigelh peuhmah, Paite laigelh dan diktak ahih loh banah i culture hilo ahi chih thei ni. Paite laigelh dan diktaka i gelh theihna dingin hiai a nuaiah tamlo gen leng ka chi hi.
3. (a) Paite Vowel : Paitete’n vowel 6(guk) i nei ua, Englishte sangin vowel khat i nei tamzaw. Vowel laimal, consonant laimal hiam, vowel laimal dang tawh pangkhawm lo a amah maha gingkhethei laimal ahi chih i theihsa ahi.
Vowel a gindan etsakna
a = /a/: aksa; mautam; mau tam
aw = /aw/ bawng; vawk; lawhpi
e = /e/ eknem;
i = /i/ inlawipi; Im im in
o = /ou/ Lo i kho kho uh.
u = /u/ tungtun; unta; lobuk; lobuk
(aw) Consonantte :
Consonant a gindan etsakna
b = /bi/ bi in; bawngbuk
ch = /chaw/ Chimtui; chitchiat
d = /di/ Dingdi pak a hawih.
f = /ef/ faifuk; Falam; fianrial.
g = /eg/ Gawlgek vasa ahi.
ng = /eng/ Thawngneng; ngaltun
h = /eich/ Huiva vahui ahi.
j = /je/: Jerusalem; Jordan.
k = /ke/: kelkum; Ak a khuang.
l = /el/: Langel; lamlian
m = /em/: muisum; Kamkham
n = /en/: Entual; gengen.
p = /pi/: Phaipi; Siamsinpawlpi
r = /ar/: Rokhum; bazar.
s = /es/: Siamsinpawl; ngeisawk.
t = /ti/: Thangthuam; tangtel.
v = /vi/: Vawkvun; tai vialvial.
z = /zet/: zozam; zenzam
(b) Paite Cluster : Paiteten laimal nih khata kigawm laimal khat banga zat i nei ua, Englishten a nei kei uh.
Cluster a gindan etsakna
ch = /chaw/: chingchi; chanchin.
chh = /chhaw/: Chhungi; Thanchhung.
ng = /eng/: Ngulzaching; Ngennung pau.
4. (a) Circumplex (^): Awphawi ginnem chiamtehna dingin i laimal hawnbawlsaktuten (1903) hiai Circumflex (^) hawnna zatpih ua, Paite Kristian Labu (1941) ah leng zat ahi. Hiai chiamtehna Luseite’ a ahi kei a, Sapten leng a zang ua, a zangtute’a ahi mai.
(aw) Awphawi ginnem chiamtehna din chih bawlin, tulai laigelhtu khenkhatten vowel thuahnih (double vowel) peuh a zang mawkmawk ua, hileleng Paite laigelhdan hi ngeilo ahi. Englishten double vowel a zat ua leh amau spelling ahih thawha, khenkhatte a gin a nem tuan zenzen kei hi. Etsakna : keen/ kin; moon/mun etc.
Vowel thuahnih zat Paite laigelhdan hilo phetloin kisim khial zawmah lai hi. Etsakna : Tualaam= Tuala-am chih ngai; Laamthang = La-amthang chih ngai zel; suunna = su-unna chihloh theihloh (vowel laimal amah vuak a gingkhe thei hiven). Awgin nem leh khauh thu-ah laimal behlap leh khekkhek ngailo, i simsim leh a thu puaka a gen kithei mai ahi.
(b) Vowel ‘O’ : ‘O’ gindan ‘OU’ ahi (No. 3 (a) en in). Laimal gindana laigelh ngeilo, a laimal mah kizang ahi. Etsakna: ‘Lo’ chihna ding a O + U = ‘Lou’ chi-a i gelh leh ‘O’ gindana gelh hilel, Paite laigelhdan zui lo, Englishte gelhdan hia, kithei zolo!
(ch) : Khenkhat tagetten lah a ginkhauhna ding chihbawla, ‘AW’ tanga ‘O’ peuh zang thepthup zel! Etssakna : Laibu honlain; Hongpai in; konpe ut, etc. Hiai a etsaknate bang a ‘AW’ tanga ‘O’ na zat intuh hiai banga a ginloh theihloh ahi- Laibu hounla in; Haoung pai in; Koun pe ut etc (‘O’ gindan ‘OU’ hiven awi)!
(d) Paite ‘f’ leh ‘r’ : Paitete hi ‘f’ leh ‘r’ zanglo pawl i hi. Himahleh proper noun leh borrowed language-te ah a kizang. Etsakna : faifuk; Falam; boruak; Rokhun etc (No. 3) aw) en in).
(e) ‘z’ leh ‘J’ : Paite laigelhdan diktak ah ‘z’ tangin ‘j’ kizang ngeilo hi, ‘z’ mah kizang tawntung hi. Etsakna : Zozam (dik); Zojam (diklo). Huaiziakin, Laisiangthou (Bible), Labu (Hymn book), Local News, Magazine leh adangdang ‘o’ tanga ‘ou’ zat, ‘aw’ tanga ‘o’ zar, ‘z’ tanga ‘j’ zat, double vowel zat etc. tengteng Paite laigelhdan hilo vek, diklo vek ahi.
I laimal (a aw b ....z)leh i laigelhdante i culture ahi ua, i it ding, i kepbit ding ahi. I laimal ‘a aw b....z’, English culture ‘a b c....z’ a khek chih zenpeuh (PLS) thil hitheilo ahi- Kahase!
Culture tawh piangkhawm i hihna uah, i culture i pawngkhek theih hilo hi. Etsakna : I pu-pute hunin ‘Pu zu’ a kikhawlh chiang un, ‘zu’ taktak a zang ua,tulai ei Kristianten bawl ‘zu’ tangin singpitui i zang uh. Hiai ah i tawndan(culture) kikhek hiloin a vanzat (material) kikhek ahi zaw. Sapte laigelhtu khatin ‘Culture itlo tuh amah leh amah ki-itlo ahi’ a chi.
Tukum EBCC thupi... “Topa kiangah i kik ding uh...(Hosia 6:1) chih ahih tawh kitawnin, i laigelhdan diktak ah kik nawn ni chih i kichialna hi hen.

PAITE LAIGELHDAN DIKTAK

Eugene H. Chinzahao, SingngatPu Chinzam Tawmbing in “PAITE LAI GELHDAN DIKTAK” chih Tongluang June 2008 Issue a hon gelh thu ah amah ngaihdan in dik chi mahleh a dik vek sipsip kei chih ka hon taklang nuam hi. A point No. 2 a Paite Laimal Khangthu khat ka hon taklang ding hi. Paite Literature Society in Paite Laimal thu a AW, O leh OU zat ding thu ah Sub-committee sepkhia in, H. Nengzachin, Thangzamang Guite leh T.C. Tiankham a sep ua, amau 1967-68 sungin a ngaihtuah ua, huchi in Paite Laimal ah AW, O leh OU zat ding thukim in a om hi. Laimal ichih I painpih ahi zenzen kei a, a zangtu dingte’n hoihpen in teh chi a kithurualna a poimawhpen hi. Etsakna dingin, English-te’n nidang in ‘Musick’ chi’n a gelh ua, tulai in bel ‘Music’ chi’n ‘K’ atel nawn kei hi. Huchi mah bangin, tulai a “ I don’t know’ chi a I gelh bang, nidang in, “ I dunno’ chi’n ana gelh uhi. Thamlouin, ‘honour’ chih bang ‘honor’ chi’n America-te’n a zang ua, himahleh, ‘hour’ te ‘soup’ chihte ah ‘U’ a pai kei uhi.

Tua I laimal zat uh, adiktakin Grik laimal akipan kilasawn ahi a, Grik-te’n leng ‘AW’ a zat di’n laimal nih ‘O’ leh ‘W’ chih a nei uhi. Huchi ahih dungzuiin ‘AW’ leh ‘O’ kia neih sangin, ‘AW, O leh OU’ chihte I neih un kouzan zawkna tampi honpia hi. Etsakna: lawm, tuni’n bawng zong di’n I kuankhawm diam? Chih, ‘Lawm, tuni’n bawng zawng di’n I kuankhawm diam? Chih sangin a sim a nuamz aw a, a gen leng a theih baihlam zaw hi.Huan, Paite pao thumal ah declension (aw gin kikhek) a om a, huai a zat di’n ‘AW’, ‘O’ leh ‘OU’ neih a phatuam mahmah uhi. Etsakna, ‘AW’ hiam ua’ O a kikhek. Tui a bua. Tui bosak ken(tui bawksak ke’n chih sangin a dikzaw). Mou na lawm dekta uhia? Na mou lop chiang un ka hong hoh teitei ding(Na mo lawp chiang un ka hawnghawh teitei ding chih sangin a theih baihlam zaw). English a Vowelte bel a gindan uh a kikhek thithe a, Paite vowelte bel a gindan uh kikheklou ahi uhi. Post chih bang a Post a O pen OU in a ging a, POUST chi a sim ding ahi a, ‘TO’ ah O pen U in a ging a, “TU” chi a simkhiak ahi. Himahleh, Paite laimal ah vowelte gindan kikheklou ahihman in O+U I zat uh a manpha mahmah hi.English Language & Terminolocy Society chih phuhkhiak hinapi’n a gelh tampa William Shakespeare spelling zat mipi’n a zui zaw uhi. Huchi ahihmanin, O pen nang OU bangin zang lechin leng a tamzaw in hon zatpih tuan keileh a phatuam kei ding hi. Eilak kia hilou, khovel pumpi et in leh naupangte khualna in AW, O leh OU zat tuh a hoihzaw hi. Literature I chih culture ahi kei a, I pianpih leng ahi zenzen kei a, a zangtute leh a zang dingte thuthu ahi zaw hi. David E. Jones leh T. Vialphung bawlkhiak, H. Nengzachin, T.C. Tiankham leh Thangzamang Gwite in a bawl lem thakna uah, a diklouhna a om kei a, simkhelh ding tampi ah kouzanna honpe zaw hi. Pu Zam in na gelh a dik mahmah bel, I laimalte uh simdan ahi a, himahleh, O pen OU a na ginsak a diklou ahi. Bangziakin? PLS in 1967-68 a ana puahphat uh ahihziakin. Huan vowel double zat thu ah na gen a dikna a om a, ahihhangin, problem a solve a leh double zat ding, problem a solve louhpi a zat tuh a dik kei zel hi. English-te’n ‘Look’ chihte a vowel a thuah in a zang ua problem a solve ziak, spelling meltuam pua ahihziak ahi.Etsakna dingin, Paite pao thumal ah, ‘Ding (stand)’ leh ‘Diing (will, shall)’ tegel kia a om a, ‘Ding(stand)’ pen a ‘I’ khat kia zang lehang la, ‘Diing (will)’ pen ah ‘II’ zang lehang problem a solve hi. Ahihhangin ‘laa’(song) chih lah om, mihing sung a ‘laa’ lah om, ganhingte lak a a ‘laa’ I chih lah om, a kawk theih tampi omte ah vowel double zat in problem a solve kei hi. Huchibangte ah vowel double zat louh ding ahi.I hilhchetna a chet semna dingin, vowel double zat phattuamlouhna khat etsakna pen awn lehang, tulai in khenkhat in ‘leeng’ chi in, ‘e’ a thuah in I zang ua, huai ah ‘e’ a thuah a zat a phatuam kei hi. Hiai ‘leeng’ chi a vowel thuah I zat chiangin a kawk theih a tamlua hi. 1. Leeng(King), 2. Leeng(also), 3. Leeng(fly), 4. Leeng (cart), chihte khawng a om lemlum hi. Huaiziakin, a kawk theih tampi omte ah vowel double zat a phatuam kei a, problem a solve kei hi. A AW B Ch….Z zat a hoih a, ABC dan a simkhiak ei paumal awte toh a tuahlouh ziakin dik kasa kei a, ‘C’ pen ‘Ch’ bang a zat leng kuamah laigelhtute a min zenzen kei uh. Bang ziakin ‘Ch’ sik a ‘C’ zat a diklouh zawk ziak ahi. AW, O leh OU zat in mun tampi a problem a solve ziakin a dik zaw a, vowel double zat in problem a solve leh zat ding, a solve tuan kei a, kawk theih a neih tampi a phak veve leh bel zatlouh kichian vitvet ding ahi.Khovel pumpi in ‘C’ pen ‘AW’ in a gingsak ua, Radio khawng, TV khawng I ngaihkhiak leh Mizoram bang Mizawram chi’n a lou khia ua, Mizouram chi a gelh hile uh kuama’n sim khial lou ding, loukhial lou ding uh ahi.Paite laimalte lakah vowelte khat mah leng dipthong sound (vowel khat hinapi a vowel nih gindan a ging) chih a om theikei hi.

Hiai ‘O’ pen O+U= OU gin a na ginsak lai siah, dipthong sound ahi.

1. ‘a’ kia a+u= au in a ging theikei a,

2. ‘aw’ kia aw+u=awu in a ging theikei a,

3. ‘e’ kia e+u= eu in a ging theikei a,

4. ‘I’ kia i+u=iu in a ging theikei a,

5. ‘o’ kia o+u=ou in a ging theikei a,

6. ‘u’ kia u+i= ui kia in a ging theikei. A dangte mah banga ‘O’ leng vowel khat gindan a a gin ding. Etsakna: English ah ‘a’ bang vowel nih gindan a gin hun om a-location=lokeishun. Himahleh, ‘o’ pen ‘aw’ gin a ginsak a, ‘ou’ a a gin dial eh vowel dangte mah banga o+u=ou ahih a ngai hi. Vowel dangte( a, aw, e, I leh u) single sound nei napi ‘o’ pen in double sound (dipthong) a ging thei ahi kei hi. Chih bel, Paite laimal a zat di’n chihna ahi. Banah, tulai in consonant double zatna leng a om zeuhzeuh a, huai leng problem a solve leh zat ding, a solve keileh zatlouh ding ahi. Etsakna : Biakin(chapel)-hiai ah, ‘n’ a thuah a zangin ‘Biakinn’ chi a gelh pawl I om uhi. ‘n’ khat kia I zat leh zong a buaihuaina a om kei a, ‘n’ a thuah zat thuval ahi. ‘Inn’ ah ‘n’ a thuah a zat a dik a, himahleh, ‘inkuan’ chih ah ‘n’ a thuah a zat a kul kei a, ‘inkuan’ inleng family a kawk a, ‘n’ a thuah a zat tuh thuval a suak hi. Huai banah, tulai in ‘Kristian’, ‘Kris’, ‘Krismas’ chihte gelhna ah khenkhat in, ‘h’ a behlap ua, a diklou ahi. English Pronouncing Dictionary I et leh, ch=k ahi. Huaiziakin, a dik leh diklouh suichian loupe a mi’n zang tah chi a mawk zat ding ahi kei hi.Laimal zenzen bel, culture ahi zenzen kei a, etsakna ding in, “I laimal ding un Korea-te a koppih ni eih” I chih leh a zang dingte thuthu ahi zaw hiVowel double hi’n Consonant double hi’n bang hitaleh, problem a solve a leh zat ding, problem solve tuan loupe a zong a zai a zat tuh a chiin chi kei hi. Huaiziakin, hiaite lou leng gelh beh ding a om tham dia, hiai ah hiai zah ka hon taklang hi.
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This article had appeared in Tongluang August 2008 issue as a rejoinder to PAITE LAIGELHDAN DIKTAK (The Paite Cultural Heritage) by Chinzam Tawmbing which appeared in the same magazine in June 2008 issue.