Tedim Kam
Zomite Zo leitang tungah Khristian I suah zawh kum 100 a cing hita hi. Khristian biakna in kum 100 sungin Zomite aniam mah mah mihinzia pan hong khaisang-a, a sangpente tawh hong kikhawlsak thei hi. Zomite I zia I tong, I ngeina, I khuasakziapawlkhat kinusia, pawlkhat kibehlap-in pawl khat kikemcing hi. Tuate sungah Zokam leh Zolai pen Khristian biakna in hong kepsak hong khansuah sakin hong zunsak hi. Tua a hih manin Zomi Khristian kum 100 mualsuang ah hih thu a ngaihsut taak mah mah ahi hi. Zomi bup kampau thu tangzai mahmah ahih manin"Tedim kam" ci-in neuseek sukin a nuai-a thulute tawh kikum leeng:
· 1. Tedim kam khanggui sutna
· 2. "Tedim Kam" cih min i ngahna
· 3. Tedim kam "Taangkam" a suahna
· 4. Tedimkam kantelna
· 5. Tedim kam nungta i cingam diam?
· 6. Mailam ah i Tedim kam
1. TEDIM KAM KHANGGUI SUTNA
Leitung mihing awn 6,000 valte in kampau nam 6,908 bang nei hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Kawlgam sungah mihing awn 50 valte in pawunam 135 bang kinei a, Zomite' pau 53 om hi ci-in Kawlgam kumpi in hong ciaptehsak hi. I Zogam neuseksek sawm leeng nam 100 val om dingin ka um hi.
Leitungah hizah a tam kampau tuamtuamte a guigui, a behbehin kikhen dimdiam hi. Kampau lam a siam (Linguist) David Bradley thukanna siksan le'ng i Tedim kam khanggui (Language family) a nuai-a bangin kisut ding hi.
· Sino-Tibetan
· Tibeto-Burman
· North-eastern india Group
· Kuki Chin Naga
· Kuki Chin
· Chin
· Northern Chin
· Tedim
2. "TEDIM KAM" CIH MIN I NGAHNA
Min thu gen-in pan ni cileng thukhupna a om thei nailo a buaihuai mahmah thu khat ahi hi. Zomite in kum 100 sungin minam minkip neizo nai lo hi hang. "Chin" leh "Zo" peuh kisut kituh lai-in zattaang theih ding kampau nei nailo hi hang. Hi bang bilbial kawmkalah "Zomi" a kici phadiakte in " Tedim Kam" cih min i ngahna thu a nuai-a bang hidingin ka um hi.
Sangmangte hun lai-in "Kamhau Dialect" na ci ngei uh a, Kampau a kan mi masate in "Sukte" ci-in zong na minvawh ngei uh hi. Tua minte in tua hun lai-a ukpite' beh min ahih kei leh ukpipa min ahi hi. Ukpite' thuneih lai-in a mau bangkua sung pau na thupisak mahmahin gambup zat dingin thu na pia hi leh "Teizangkam" kipau ngeingai kha ding hi. Gam uk makai masate thukhualna leh picinna ahi hi.
"Tedim Kam" cih pen midangte hong sapna hi loin ei le ei i kisapna min (egonymn) ahi hi. Pu le pa min khatpeuh a kitap hilo a, a te-dimdim "vansang dim" omna mun a kisat "Tedim" khua kitap (eoconymn) min ahi hi. Tedim khua pen 1550 kumin kisat hi cih tangthu kante' ciaptehna ahi hi. Ahih hangin kilalsan zel kisuan kik zek hi. 1850 a kipan-in tuni dong tatsat loin kiteng a, ei Tedim mite khuapi ahi hi. Tedim khua ah i teng ngeikei phial zongin Tedimmi cih ding a angtanpih ciat i hi hi. Tedim khua ah hunkhat lai-in Teizang, Saizang, Thado, Vaiphei, Guite, leh Zo kampaute in "tual" khat zangin kitengkhawm hi, Tua bang a, pau tuamtuam tenkhopna panin pautuam khat hong pianga a nungciangin "Tedim kam" kici hi. A neituam kuamah om lo hi.
3. TEDIM KAM “TAANGKAM” A SUAHNA
Hun khat lai-in Tedimgam i cih pen tu-in Tedim, Tonzang leh Cikha gamkhen (Myone) suakta hi hang. Tua sunga teng Zomite leh tua gam pan Kawlgam Vaigam a tung Zomite in i taangkam leh (common language) dingin "Tedim kam" zangkhawm theita hi hang.A mual a lui zui-in i awkaih tawmtawm kilamdang-a, ahih hangin kamphen kulloin kihothei hi hang. Tua a zang khawm thei kampau innkuan dungah Sihzang, Thado (Kuki), Zo, Dim, Guite, Khuano, Losau, Phailengm, Saizang, Teizang, Val leh Vangteh paute kihel hi hang,
Tedim pau "Taangkam" a suah theihna thu kampau lam pan, tangthu lam pan, gamdung leilupzia pan a tuamtuam kan leng a hang tampi om kha ding hi, I gensa bangin ukpite in a mau kam bek kizang ding na ci uh hileh " Teizang" pau ki pau kha ding a sangmangte in a mau siam masak mah na thupisak hileh Sihzang pau kipau kha ding hi, Sangmangte in vai lian pi khat a angaihsut uh khat in pau nam tuam tuam a nei minamte pau nam a tawm thei pena gawmsak ding ahi hi. Tuabang hun lai-in Mangkang kumpi in hong uk a, Khamtung gam ah Zo lai tawh pilna sin ding hong vai hawm uh hi. kampau kigawm theite bang kampau tawh "Laisimbu" gelhsak ding cih thu lianpi khat hi leuleu hi.
Tua ahih manin 1919 kumin Tedim vuandok zumah Tedim gam hausa lianteng kikhawm uh a, gambupah Sihzang pau zat dingin thu kisung hi. Tua ciangin Thado kampau Hiangzang khua hausa Pu Zam Khaw Thang, Zo kampau Phaitu khua hausa Pu Khan Thawng, Saizang khua hausa Pu Zaang Khaw Lian, Paihte kampau Tuimui khua hausa Pu Mang Za Thang, Haiciin khua hausa Pu Tual Pum-te in Sihzangkam a teltheih loh lam uh pulak hi. Ahi zongin Tedim, Ngennung, Haupi, Gawngmual, Leilum, Lezang, Tongsial, Lamzang,Laitui, Mawngken, Kahgen, Taklam, Tonzang, Tungtuang, Anlang, Gamlai, Khuaimual leh Seitual khua hausa te kuamah a pau a ham omlo uh hi.
Hih bangin Tedim gam sungah Tedim kam pen taangkam hong suak hi. Cope topa in 1919 pan 1938 (a sih) dong khasim thukizaksakna lai a na bawl lai-in "Tedim kam thukizakna lai" na ci hi. Sang laisimbu hong bawl sak hi. A nung ciangin T=Tedim pau eima pau" ci-in khangthak naupangte i awng ziahziah hi.
4. TEDIM KAMPAU KANTELNA
Kawl leh Vai kikal-a om Zomite in kampau tuamtuam i nei hi. Kampau lam a kantel mipilte in tangzai takin hong kansak nai lo uh hi. Ei Tedim kampau zawdiak pen Mizo pau, Hakha paute zahin hong kikansak nailo hi. Tedim kam a pau mite sung pan Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau, Rev. Hau Go, Pu Gin Za Twang, Siapi Vul Za Thang, Sia Pau Cin Thang, Rev. Paul Thuam Thang leh ZCLS a kipan kampau a kin, a siam tampite in kanin na gelh ngei khin hi.
Minamdang kampau siamte sung pan hong kantelsak mi tamnai lo hi. Kei theihphak tan ah:
· 1904: George A. Grierson: " Linguist Survey of India"
· 1925: L.B.naylor: "A practical handbook of Chin Languages (Siyin dialect)"
· 1965: Eugene J.A. Henderson: Tiddim Chin: A descriptive analysis of Two texts"
· 1965: Ono Toro: "The Reconstruction of Proto Kuki Chin: Initial Consonants"
· 1979: David B. Solnit: "Proto Tibeto Burma in Tiddim and Lushai"
· 1989: Peri Bhaskararao: "The process of Chimming in Tiddim Chin"
· 1996: Peri Bhaskararao: "Computerized lexical database of Tiddim Chin and Lushai"
· 1998: Weera Ostapirat: Tiddim Chin tones in historical perspective".
I Tedim pau pen a kampau ei Tedim mite leh a pua lam pan kampau siamte in kan khawm-in, laigelh-in i puahpuah i zunzun ding kisam hi. I tuntunna pan i kampau maizumpih lo-in hong dong a om leh lungsau takin genpih ding kisam hi. Sia Lian Bawi (Siapi Lian Khan Mang) in Japan pan gam a pai lai-in Ono Toro kiangah na genpih ngei a, Dr. Dal Lian in Bhaskararao kiangah na genpih ngei hi.
5. I TEDIM KAM NUNGTA I CI NGAM DIAM?
Kampau dinmun (vitality) a tuamtuam om hi. Kawlgam ah Pyu minam leh Pyu pau beimang ta hi kici hi. Leitung kampau pawlkhat beibei-a pawl khat kipan khangto semsem hi. I Tedim kam nungta hi ci-ngam taktak ding hiam? Kampau nungta ih cih te a ki puahpuah a ki zunzun hi a, a kampau neite in it mah mah uh hi. A kampau uh khum sa-ngaungau uh hi.
Tu laitak Tedim mite 70% bang bekin Tedim kampau dingin ka um bek hi. Kawlgam leh Vaigamate in pau tuamtuam peuh nuam i sa zaw a, Kawl lak a Zo khangno te bangin kawlkam kawllai leh kawl TV khawng bek tawh hun kibei hi. I thungaihsutna nangawn kawl-khuak tawh kingaih sun hi. Kampau i pau sunsun bangkua sung bek hi a, sangkil kitantan lo hi, Biakinn sung bek hi a, biakinn huangpua kantan lo hi. Hibang kampau dinmunte "Muribung" kici hi. I kampau it-in, i kep tinten kei leh beikuan manawh kampau ahi hi.
I Tedim kampau zong "meidawi"mahmah hi ci-in ka ciamteh hi. Mizo, Hakha leh Falam pau khawng ei pau sangin " suahngal" zaw hi. Kampau ameidawite a suahngalzaw kampaute in damdamin sung khumkhum dinga, a sawt lo-in valh ding hi. I kampau maizumpih kei ni.
Zolia tawh kisai-in, Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau tungtawnin Zotuallai nam nih i nei ngei hi. Tu in i zatna toi semsem a, minam vangil khat banga kep ding din mun hi ta hi. Lai hihna (malgawm) tawh Mualtung thuhilhna zong na khen ngei uh hi. Sangmangte tung pan i ngah Mangtuallai (Roman alphabet) tawh laisimbu i neih zawh kum 91 cingta hi. Lai ih gelh ciangin lai-malgawmzia leh awsang awniam thu-ah i kumkum lai hi.
Cope topa'hun a kibawl Zolai tan 4 ciang nangawn tu-in i nei nawn kei hi. Zolai tawh laibu kibawl tawm mahmah a, i neih sunsun zong Biakna lai bek ahi hi. Laibu i bawl ciangin "Pawlpi sung a zat ding" cih lai suang sawnsawn lai ihih manin i laibu a thatthat ihi hi. I leitung huihnunzia ahih manin tua lampi bek a nei ihi hi. Zolai i cih pen Lai Siangtho sim nading, Labu ettheih nading, Pawlpite thukizaksakna lai sim nading leh laikhak nading bekin kizang lawmlawm hi. Leitungthu vangtungthu theihhuai a tuamtuamte Zomite in a theih nadingin Zolai a kizat hun hong tung takpi tam! cih ngaih sutsut huai ka sa hi.
Kampau nungta te in huihkhua in huihkhua tungtawnin Radio, TV leh tulai Cassettee, CD leh VCD te tawh theihhuai thute khahkhia ziahziah uh hi, Ut hunhunin mun khempeuh pan a kampau uh kingai thei hi. Cik hun ciang i tunna peuhpeuh pan i Tedim kam i ngaih theih hun hong tung zen tam!
6. MAILAM I TEDIM KAM
Nam citawmte ihih hangin i kampau mangthang ngei nawn lo ding hi. Ahi zongin a khanton henhan ding lamet om lo hi. Kumpi ki-ukzia kikhello-in, tulai khuahun mah tawh maban i zopzop lai leh kawlkam in gam hong kekek dinga Tedim kam in sangkil kan zo nawnlo semsem ding hi, I theihloh kalin thozo nawnlo in, i phawk khak ciangin zekai lua ding hi. Khuahun hong kihei-in Kawlgam Vaigam-a om Zomite in gam lenam a ding vaihawmkhop hun hong tun leh lah Mizo kam hong innteek mahmah dinga, khangnote in sin-in mun khenpeuhah kipau ding hi. I Tedim pau bel khanglo kiamlo, si lah nungta-in omthei ding hi.
Tua kawmkalah ei Tedim kampau innkuansung pan i kinensuah sawnsawn leh i huang hong toi semsem dinga i theihloh kal-in mite huangsung i tung ding hi. Hi thei hileh Kawlgam Vaigam-a om Zomi a kici khempeuh in Mangkam i taangkam dingin zangkhawm mai le hang, kum 30 sung bang i buaipih phial zongin manlang takin hong khantohpih thei pen dingin ka um hi. Taangkam dingin Mangkam i zatkhit ciang i nampau ciat i keptheih bangin i kem ding am kuamah kinawknawk se lo-in khat le khat kithupisimna tawh i kalsuan leh i minam khangto thei pan ding hi. Minam a khantoh leh i kampau mangthang ngeilo ding hi.
Rev. Khoi Lam Thang
General Secretary
Bible Society of Myanmar
Note:
Rev Khoi Lam Thang pen Tedimgam, Keizang khua hi in Falam ZTC ah DipTh, India Makokchung pan BTh, Yangon MIT pan M.Div a zawh khitteh BA zo lai hi. Thailand gamah MA (Linguistic) va zo a, Singapore TTC ahzong MTh sinbehto laihi. Tu in Bible Society of Mynamar ah General Secretary a seplai tak a hi hi.
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